In Gujarat Rangpur in Limdi Taluka of Ahmedabad district was the first site which was reexcavated after independence as it was suspected to be a Harappan outpost. Rangpur represented a late phase of the mature Harappan culture. Further surveys of the peninsulas of Saurashtra and Kutch and mainland of Gujarat from 1954 to 1958 brought to light different phases of the Harappan civilization and thereby added a new province to the Indus Empire.

The discoveries extended the civilization by 500 Km upto the north of the river Kim where another small Harappan part, Bhagatrav, gives access to the agate bearing mines and forest hills of the Narmada Topi Valleys.

Around 2500 B.C., the Harappans probably started infiltrating into Kutch and settled down there with an amazing speed and strength. So far 60 Indus settlements have been found in Kutch. Out of them about 40 belong to the ‘early’ phase and the remaining represent the late phase of the mature Harappan culture.

Only five settlements of the ‘early phase’ continue into the ‘late phase’ and the remaining are new settlements of the late Harappans.

On the basis of general evidence coming up from Kutch and parts of Gujarat it appears that the Harappans brought here their full blown culture and lived almost a full life before their culture declined large scale migration from Kutch to the hinterland of Gujarat and also perhaps Saurashtra.

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